植物配种

盖森海姆葡萄育种研究所的葡萄培育

植物配种（英语：Plant breeding）是指透过改变植物的特征而产生所期望的特性的艺术和科学。植物配种现使用于为人类和动物改善产品中营养的品质。 植物育种的目标是培育出具有独特和优越性状、适合各种应用的作物品种。最常被提及的农业性状是那些与生物和非生物胁迫耐受性、谷物或生物量产量、最终用途品质特征（例如味道或特定生物分子（蛋白质、糖、脂质、维生素、纤维）的浓度）以及易于加工有关的特性。

植物育种可以透过许多不同的技术进行，从简单地选择具有所需繁殖特性的植物，到利用遗传学和染色体知识的方法，再到更复杂的分子技术。植物中的基因决定了其具有何种类型的质量或数量性状。植物育种者努力创造特定的植物结果和潜在的新植物品种，并在此过程中将该品种的遗传多样性缩小到特定的几种生物型。

参考来源

普遍的

• McCouch, S. Diversifying Selection in Plant Breeding. PLOS Biol. 2004, 2 (10): e347. PMC 521731 . PMID 15486582. doi:10.1371/journal.pbio.0020347 . 
• Briggs, F.N. and Knowles, P.F. 1967. Introduction to Plant Breeding. Reinhold Publishing Corporation, New York.
• Curry, Helen Anne. Evolution Made to Order: Plant Breeding and Technological Innovation in Twentieth-Century America (ISBN 9780226390116) U of Chicago Press, 2016. x, 285 pp.
• Gepts, P. A Comparison between Crop Domestication, Classical Plant Breeding, and Genetic Engineering. Crop Science. 2002, 42 (6): 1780–1790. doi:10.2135/cropsci2002.1780 . 
• The Origins of Agriculture and Crop Domestication – The Harlan Symposium
• Schlegel, Rolf (2009) Encyclopedic Dictionary of Plant Breeding 2nd ed. (ISBN 9781439802427), CRC Press, Boca Raton, FL, USA, pp 584
• Schlegel, Rolf (2007) Concise Encyclopedia of Crop Improvement: Institutions, Persons, Theories, Methods, and Histories (ISBN 9781560221463), CRC Press, Boca Raton, FL, USA, pp 423
• Schlegel, Rolf (2014) Dictionary of Plant Breeding, 2nd ed., (ISBN 978-1439802427), CRC Press, Boca Raton, Taylor & Francis Group, Inc., New York, USA, pp 584
• Schouten, Henk J.; Krens, Frans A.; Jacobsen, Evert. Do cisgenic plants warrant less stringent oversight?. Nature Biotechnology. 2006, 24 (7): 753. PMID 16841052. S2CID 8087798. doi:10.1038/nbt0706-753 . 
• Schouten, Henk J.; Krens, Frans A.; Jacobsen, Evert. Cisgenic plants are similar to traditionally bred plants. EMBO Reports. 2006, 7 (8): 750–753. PMC 1525145 . PMID 16880817. doi:10.1038/sj.embor.7400769. 
• Sun. From indica and japonica splitting in common wild rice DNA to the origin and evolution of Asian cultivated rice. Agricultural Archaeology: 21–29. 
• Thro, A.M.; Spillane, C. (1999) Biotechnology assisted participatory plant breeding: Complement or contradiction? CGIAR Program on Participatory Research and Gender Analysis, Working Document No.4, CIAT: Cali. 150pp.
• Deppe, Carol. Breed Your Own Vegetable Varieties. Chelsea Green Publishing. 2000. 
• Vaschetto, Luis M. (编). Cereal Genomics. Methods in Molecular Biology 2072. 2020. ISBN 978-1-4939-9864-7. ISSN 1064-3745. S2CID 82398463. doi:10.1007/978-1-4939-9865-4 （英国英语）. 

外部链接

• Plant Breeding and Genomics eXtension Community of Practice – education and training materials for plant breeders and allied professionals
• Plant Breeding Updates
• Hybridization of Crop Plants – large practical reference on plant hybridization
• Infography about the History of Plant Breeding
• Glossary of plant breeding terminology by the Open Plant Breeding Foundation
• National Association of Plant Breeders (NAPB)
• The Global Partnership Initiative for Plant Breeding Capacity Building – GIPB
• FAO/IAEA Programme Mutant Variety Database
• FDA Statement of Policy – Foods Derived from New Plant Varieties
• A Breed Apart: The Plant Breeder's Guide to Preventing Patents through Defensive Publication by Cydnee V. Bence & Emily J. Spiegel, 2019